Foundations of Law (2 º Sem 2019/2020)
Linhas Programáticas
1. Introduction:
1.1. The need of an Introduction to Law to students of Economics, Management and Finance. Need of studying other juridical sciences. The importance of a critical view of the Law;
1.2. Practical guidance over the studying method, materials and evaluation.
2. Law and society:
2.1. The plurality of meanings of the word Law: ?Objective Law?, ?Subjective Law?, ?Science of Law?;
2.2. Juridical order and other normative orders: Moral order, Religious order, Social conduct order.
3. Purposes and core values of Law:
3.1. Justice, rights and fundamental freedoms;
3.2. Safety;
3.3. Economic and social welfare.
4. Features of the Law and of the Juridical Rule:
4.1. Concept of system and of juridical rule;
4.2. Features of the system and of the juridical rule.
5. Branches of Law:
5.1. Public Law and Private Law;
5.2. Internal Law, European Union (EU) Law and International Law;
5.3. Internal public Law;
5.3.1. Constitutional Law;
5.3.2. Criminal Law;
5.3.3. Tax Law;
5.3.4. Administrative Law;
5.3.5. Social Security Law;
5.3.6. Environmental Law;
5.3.7. Financial Law;
5.3.8. Registry and notary Law;
5.3.9. Procedural Law;
5.4. Internal Private Law;
5.4.1. Obligations Law;
5.4.2. Law of Things;
5.4.3. Family Law;
5.4.4. Succession Law;
5.4.5. Commercial Law;
5.4.6. Labor Law;
5.4.7. Copyright Law and Industrial Property Law;
5.5. Hybrid branches of Law;
5.5.1. Economic Law;
5.5.2. Banking Law;
5.5.3. Consumer Law.
6. The Political System and the Legal System:
6.1. Romanic-Germanic system and Anglo-Saxon system;
6.2. Portuguese Constitution (CRP);
6.2.1. Concept of Democratic State of Law;
6.2.2. State functions, organization of the political and jurisdictional power.
7. Sources of Law:
7.1. Concept of sources of Law;
7.2. Enumeration;
7.2.1. International and European Union (EU) Law;
7.2.2. Internal Law;
7.2.2.1. State Law;
7.2.2.1.1. Parliament;
7.2.2.1.2. Government;
7.2.2.2. Infra-State Law;
7.2.2.2.1. The Autonomous Regions;
7.2.2.2.2. Administrative Regions;
7.2.2.2.3. Local Authorities;
7.3. Hierarchy of laws, illegality and unconstitutionality.
8. Application of Law:
8.1. Duration and cessation of the Law;
8.2. Application of Law in time and space;
8.3. Law interpretation and integration of lacunae.
9. The juridical relation:
9.1. Concept and structure (general);
9.2. Structure (detailed);
9.2.1. Subjects;
9.2.1.1. Natural persons;
9.2.1.1.1. Juridical personality;
9.2.1.1.2. Juridical capacity and incapacities;
9.2.1.1.3. Domicile and absence;
9.2.2. Legal entities;
9.2.2.1. Concept and acquisition of legal personality;
9.2.2.2. Capacity;
9.2.2.3. Public legal entities and private legal entities;
9.2.2.4. Associations and Foundations and corporations;
9.2.2. Object;
9.2.2.1. Immediate Object;
9.2.2.1.1. Subjective rights and Potestative rights;
9.2.2.1.2. Binding effect (vinculações);
9.2.2.2. Mediate Object;
9.2.2.2.1. Things;
9.2.2.2.2. Performance (prestação);
9.2.3. The juridical fact (in general);
9.2.3.1. Concept;
9.2.3.2. The juridical business (negócio jurídico);
9.2.3.2.1. Unilateral and bilateral businesses
9.2.3.2.2. Contracts;
9.2.3.2.2.1. Concept, principles;
9.2.3.2.2.3. Capacity, legitimacy and representation;
9.2.3.2.2.3.1. Object;
9.2.3.2.2.3.2. Suitability;
9.2.3.2.2.3.3. Main and ancillary elements;
9.2.3.2.2.4. Legal Cause;
9.2.3.2.2.5. Formation;
9.2.3.2.2.5.1. Declarations of negotiation (Declarações Negociais);
9.2.3.2.2.5.2. Structure;
9.2.3.2.2.5.3. Evidence;
9.2.3.2.2.6. Conclusion and effectiveness of the juridical business;
9.2.3.2.2.7. Unlawfulness (Ilicitude);
9.2.3.2.2.7.1. Nullity and annulment;
9.2.3.2.2.7.2. Lack and vices of the juridical will, divergence between juridical will and declaration;
9.2.4. The juridical fact (in detail);
9.2.4.1. Purchase and Sale Agreement;
9.2.4.1.1. Concept;
9.2.4.1.2. Structure;
9.2.4.1.3. Effects;
9.2.4.1.4. Types;
9.2.4.2. Civil liability
9.2.4.2.1. Concept, distinction towards other types of liability;
9.2.4.2.2. Subjective liability;
9.2.4.2.2.1. The unlawful fact;
9.2.4.2.2.2. Fault;
9.2.4.2.2.3. Damage;
9.2.4.2.2.4. Causation;
9.2.4.2.2.5. Obligation to indemnify;
9.2.4.2.3. Objective civil liability;
9.2.4. Guarantee;
9.2.4.1. The juridical relation: public tutelage and private tutelage;
9.2.4.2. Guarantee of the obligations;
9.2.4.2.1. Personal guarantees;
9.2.4.2.2. In rem guarantees;
9.2.4.2.3. Creditor?s privileges.
1.1. The need of an Introduction to Law to students of Economics, Management and Finance. Need of studying other juridical sciences. The importance of a critical view of the Law;
1.2. Practical guidance over the studying method, materials and evaluation.
2. Law and society:
2.1. The plurality of meanings of the word Law: ?Objective Law?, ?Subjective Law?, ?Science of Law?;
2.2. Juridical order and other normative orders: Moral order, Religious order, Social conduct order.
3. Purposes and core values of Law:
3.1. Justice, rights and fundamental freedoms;
3.2. Safety;
3.3. Economic and social welfare.
4. Features of the Law and of the Juridical Rule:
4.1. Concept of system and of juridical rule;
4.2. Features of the system and of the juridical rule.
5. Branches of Law:
5.1. Public Law and Private Law;
5.2. Internal Law, European Union (EU) Law and International Law;
5.3. Internal public Law;
5.3.1. Constitutional Law;
5.3.2. Criminal Law;
5.3.3. Tax Law;
5.3.4. Administrative Law;
5.3.5. Social Security Law;
5.3.6. Environmental Law;
5.3.7. Financial Law;
5.3.8. Registry and notary Law;
5.3.9. Procedural Law;
5.4. Internal Private Law;
5.4.1. Obligations Law;
5.4.2. Law of Things;
5.4.3. Family Law;
5.4.4. Succession Law;
5.4.5. Commercial Law;
5.4.6. Labor Law;
5.4.7. Copyright Law and Industrial Property Law;
5.5. Hybrid branches of Law;
5.5.1. Economic Law;
5.5.2. Banking Law;
5.5.3. Consumer Law.
6. The Political System and the Legal System:
6.1. Romanic-Germanic system and Anglo-Saxon system;
6.2. Portuguese Constitution (CRP);
6.2.1. Concept of Democratic State of Law;
6.2.2. State functions, organization of the political and jurisdictional power.
7. Sources of Law:
7.1. Concept of sources of Law;
7.2. Enumeration;
7.2.1. International and European Union (EU) Law;
7.2.2. Internal Law;
7.2.2.1. State Law;
7.2.2.1.1. Parliament;
7.2.2.1.2. Government;
7.2.2.2. Infra-State Law;
7.2.2.2.1. The Autonomous Regions;
7.2.2.2.2. Administrative Regions;
7.2.2.2.3. Local Authorities;
7.3. Hierarchy of laws, illegality and unconstitutionality.
8. Application of Law:
8.1. Duration and cessation of the Law;
8.2. Application of Law in time and space;
8.3. Law interpretation and integration of lacunae.
9. The juridical relation:
9.1. Concept and structure (general);
9.2. Structure (detailed);
9.2.1. Subjects;
9.2.1.1. Natural persons;
9.2.1.1.1. Juridical personality;
9.2.1.1.2. Juridical capacity and incapacities;
9.2.1.1.3. Domicile and absence;
9.2.2. Legal entities;
9.2.2.1. Concept and acquisition of legal personality;
9.2.2.2. Capacity;
9.2.2.3. Public legal entities and private legal entities;
9.2.2.4. Associations and Foundations and corporations;
9.2.2. Object;
9.2.2.1. Immediate Object;
9.2.2.1.1. Subjective rights and Potestative rights;
9.2.2.1.2. Binding effect (vinculações);
9.2.2.2. Mediate Object;
9.2.2.2.1. Things;
9.2.2.2.2. Performance (prestação);
9.2.3. The juridical fact (in general);
9.2.3.1. Concept;
9.2.3.2. The juridical business (negócio jurídico);
9.2.3.2.1. Unilateral and bilateral businesses
9.2.3.2.2. Contracts;
9.2.3.2.2.1. Concept, principles;
9.2.3.2.2.3. Capacity, legitimacy and representation;
9.2.3.2.2.3.1. Object;
9.2.3.2.2.3.2. Suitability;
9.2.3.2.2.3.3. Main and ancillary elements;
9.2.3.2.2.4. Legal Cause;
9.2.3.2.2.5. Formation;
9.2.3.2.2.5.1. Declarations of negotiation (Declarações Negociais);
9.2.3.2.2.5.2. Structure;
9.2.3.2.2.5.3. Evidence;
9.2.3.2.2.6. Conclusion and effectiveness of the juridical business;
9.2.3.2.2.7. Unlawfulness (Ilicitude);
9.2.3.2.2.7.1. Nullity and annulment;
9.2.3.2.2.7.2. Lack and vices of the juridical will, divergence between juridical will and declaration;
9.2.4. The juridical fact (in detail);
9.2.4.1. Purchase and Sale Agreement;
9.2.4.1.1. Concept;
9.2.4.1.2. Structure;
9.2.4.1.3. Effects;
9.2.4.1.4. Types;
9.2.4.2. Civil liability
9.2.4.2.1. Concept, distinction towards other types of liability;
9.2.4.2.2. Subjective liability;
9.2.4.2.2.1. The unlawful fact;
9.2.4.2.2.2. Fault;
9.2.4.2.2.3. Damage;
9.2.4.2.2.4. Causation;
9.2.4.2.2.5. Obligation to indemnify;
9.2.4.2.3. Objective civil liability;
9.2.4. Guarantee;
9.2.4.1. The juridical relation: public tutelage and private tutelage;
9.2.4.2. Guarantee of the obligations;
9.2.4.2.1. Personal guarantees;
9.2.4.2.2. In rem guarantees;
9.2.4.2.3. Creditor?s privileges.